Psoriasis is one of the most common chronic pathologies in the world's skin, and the problem of treatment remains urgent.According to statistics, for 2017, 130 ml of cases are recorded worldwide: each twenty -four residents of the planet suffers from a disease.Usually the pathology debut falls from 16 to 20 and 40 to 60 years.In 65% of patients, it is lightly observed and the skin surface is affected by slightly (up to 3%) plates.The average degree of psoriasis suffers 25% (up to 10% of the skin area) and severe, in which more than 10% of the surface is affected - 8%.
The exact cause of the disease has not yet been studied.It is assumed that a parasite infection, an allergic predisposition, hormonal imbalance, metabolic disorders and heredity may cause the appearance of psoriatic plaques.
The tendency to develop psoriasis in childhood if one parent is sick is 25%.When both - probability increases to 50%.According to statistics, of the 100 children in the world, 4 of them are psoriasis and cases of diseases in boys, with less frequency than girls in 25%.
The list of adverse factors also includes infectious diseases, neuropsy lesions and the negative effect of low temperatures.
As a result of the interaction of various external and internal causes, there is a violation of the bloodstream of the papillary layer of the dermis, from which the reproduction of young and insufficiently ripe epidermal cells occurs so quickly that it has no time to finally mature, accumulate the surface with silver water scales in plates or.
The disease is progressing so much that over time they merge and turn into large points.
Psoriasis lasts life and cases of self -tape are unique.Periods of remission alternate with exacerbation, which is most often observed in autumn-winter time.But there are cases of indefinite (all season) and photosensitive type (summer).
Stages
In the pathological process in psoriasis, several periods and the wave course occurs with the alternation of exacerbation and remission cycles.For a specialist, the diagnosis of the disease is not difficult: it has specific and specific symptoms and a characteristic type of skin at different stages of pathology development.
The early stage
At first, when the disease is just beginning to appear, the rashes (papules) the size no more than a pin head appear. In psoriasis, they are grouped into the skin of members' curves and do not progress and do not change at first.These so -called (duty) guard plates (duty).
Classic clinical manifestations in the early stage form a psoriasis triad:
- Wax point.The papules are covered with white plate with a gray tone of plate, loose and poorly fixed.It can be easily shaved by a spatula.Externally externally externally resembled scales to the smallest Starin chips - substances to make candles.
- Terminal movie.A smooth, bright and juicy hyperemic surface is visible under a loose attack.This is the last layer of cells that can come out.
- Bloody dew is the final sign of the triad.It is formed when the terminal film is damaged and manifests externally in the form of condensate of small drops of blood, which do not merge with each other.
Psoriasis is a chronic disease and it is impossible to recover completely from it.The main treatment task is to achieve persistent and prolonged remission.Inadequate exacerbation therapy are observed every two to three months.Treatment at the early stage of psoriasis is smooth and begins with the use of keratolytic external products in the form of ointments and creams based on salicylic acid and lactic acid.
Drugs eliminate discomfort, suppress excessive cell formation, relieves inflammation and peeling.Psoriasis over time becomes resistant (stable) to the action of certain medications.Therefore, the medicinal program is revised after a certain period of time.This approach is called rotation - a periodic change in the techniques that enter a circle.
Progressive stage
The second stage of the disease is the real peak of exacerbation.
The first sign - Peeling is located only on the central part of the papules, and a pink beater remains along the edges.This is a symptom of growth, when unique rashes increase and merge.The second sign of progression becomes a symptom of skin reaction: 10 to 14 days after the lesion (abrasions, scratches) of the skin, a new typical plate appears.Progressive psoriasis provides another symptom that is not observed in other stages - it is coconuting with different intensity.The treatment of the progressive stage of psoriasis is performed in a hospital and includes:
- Medicines: Anti -histamines, anti -non -esteroids, immunostimulants, vitamins.
- Physiotherapy: PUVA, UFO, Paraffin application, sulfide and radon baths.
After patients, sanatory resort treatment is recommended.In especially severe cases, corticosteroid and cytostatic agents are prescribed.Psoriasis affects nail plates.They become fragile, monotonous, rise above the bed.Normally, this condition with a disease occurs even of minor damage.
Stationary
After the progression, at the end of the fourth week, the papules cure occurs.It starts from the center to the periphery, and the plates acquire a characteristic ring form.Its color becomes less intense, new formations do not appear.The stationary stage of psoriasis gives no special discomfort.The patient is not painful, there is no itching.The therapeutic program remains the same.There may be only minor adjustments that seek one goal: to give the opportunity to enter the final phase and not turn back into the progressive stage of psoriasis.
Faded internship
After complex and intensive care, remission occurs and the disease is included in the hidden phase.In the final phase, peeling psoriasis disappears, the plates get a pale tone.They gradually solve and merge with the skin.An exception - so puff "frozen" dads remain in their elbows, knees, stomach and buttocks.The period of remission is individual and can last from three months to several years.A patient with psoriasis should be monitored and in the first signs of exacerbation to consult a doctor and undergo a treatment course.Despite chronic disease prone to relapses, subject to all recommendations, psoriasis makes it possible to live a rich and rich life.